{"id":2689,"date":"2019-12-12T18:13:28","date_gmt":"2019-12-12T17:13:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iuravasconiae.eus\/voz\/abu-l-abbas-a%e1%b8%a5mad-b-mu%e1%b8%a5ammad-b-i%e1%b8%8fari-al-marrakusi-158-eu\/"},"modified":"2019-12-12T18:13:28","modified_gmt":"2019-12-12T17:13:28","slug":"abu-l-abbas-a%e1%b8%a5mad-b-mu%e1%b8%a5ammad-b-i%e1%b8%8fari-al-marrakusi-158-eu","status":"publish","type":"iv_voz","link":"https:\/\/www.iuravasconiae.eus\/eu\/voz\/abu-l-abbas-a%e1%b8%a5mad-b-mu%e1%b8%a5ammad-b-i%e1%b8%8fari-al-marrakusi-158-eu\/","title":{"rendered":"AB\u016a L-\u2018ABB\u0100S A\u1e25MAD B. MU\u1e25AMMAD B. \u2018I\u1e0fAR\u012a AL-MARR\u0100KU\u0160\u012a (VII.\/XIII.\u202fmendeko 2. erdialdea &#8211; VIII.\/XIV.\u202fmendeko lehen hamarkadak)."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span>712.\/1312-1313.<br \/>\nurte inguruan idatzi zuen bere kronika. Mundu islamiarraren ekialdeko kalifa,<br \/>\nimam eta emirrei buruzko ondo oinarritutako historia da. <i>al-Bay\u0101n al-mugrib<br \/>\nf\u012b (i\u1e2bti\u1e63\u0101r<\/i>) <i>a\u1e2bb\u0101r mul\u016bk al-Andalus wa l-Magrib<\/i> lana hiru ataletan<br \/>\nzatituta dago, eta Ifriqiya eskualdearen historia jasotzen da bertan,<br \/>\n20.\/620.-621. urteko Mi\u1e63rreko konkistatik (Egipto) almohadeek 602.\/1205.-1206.<br \/>\nurtean al-Mahdiyya hartu zuten arte. Garaiko hainbat dinastiaren errelatoa<br \/>\nbiltzen da kronikaren lehen zatian. Bigarrenean, berriz, Iberiar penintsularen<br \/>\nkonkista eta emirerriaren, kalifa-herriaren eta taifa-erresumen historia<br \/>\nkontatzen da. Eta, hirugarren zatian, Magrebeko eta Al Andaluseko dinastia<br \/>\nalmorabide eta almohadeen berri ematen da.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Obra horren hainbat edizio eta itzulpen argitaratu dira <span class=\"iv-smallcaps\">xix.<\/span>\u202fmendeko bigarren erdialdeaz<br \/>\ngeroztik. Besteren artean, historialari eta arabista hauek arduratu dira<br \/>\nhorietaz: Dozy, L\u00e9vi-Proven\u00e7al, Fernandez Gonzalez Colin, Fagnan, Huici Garc\u00eda<br \/>\nG\u00f3mez, T\u0101wit eta S\u00e1nchez Albornoz. Obra, berez, kroniken konpilazio bat da.<br \/>\nKronika asko galduta daude, baina horien eskutik xehetasunez jakin daiteke<br \/>\nMagrebeko eta Al Andaluseko historiaren berri. Hori dela eta, obraren iturriak<br \/>\nazterturik, lanaren garrantzia azpimarratu dute aipatutako egileek.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Aipatutako <i>al-Bay\u0101n <\/i>lanean dezenteko xehetasunez jasotzen ditu<br \/>\nmusulmanek Iru\u00f1erriaren eta Iru\u00f1earen aurka eginiko kanpainak, aurrenekotik<br \/>\nhasita. Lehen hori aztergai duela, kontatzen du 712an musulmanak baskoien<br \/>\nlurraldearen bihotzeraino sartu zirela, eta barbarotzat hartzen ditu. Ondoren,<br \/>\njakinarazten du Uqba emirrak (116\/732-123\/739) Narbona konkistatu eta mendean<br \/>\nhartu zituela Galizia eta Iru\u00f1ea, eta azken hiri hori musulmanez populatu<br \/>\nzuela. Aurrerago, Arabako eta\/edo Iru\u00f1eko lurren aurka musulmanek eginiko<br \/>\nkanpainen berri ematen du, informazio gutxiago edo gehiago emanez. Abd ar<br \/>\nRahmanen bezero bat, Bedr, buruan zela, 150. urtean (756ko otsailaren 6an)<br \/>\nArabako mugara eginiko espedizioaren berri ere ematen du, eta Araba zerga bat<br \/>\nordaintzera behartu zutela azaltzen du. Borrokak eta guduak bata bestearen<br \/>\natzetik gertatu ziren; esaterako, Abd ar Rahmanen bisir eta bezero Y\u016bsuf b.<br \/>\nBuqten eta Bermudo I.aren artean. Iturri honen arabera hamar mila lagun baino<br \/>\ngehiago hil ziren gudu haietan. Iturri horri berari jarraituz, azaltzen du 176.<br \/>\nurtean (792ko apirilaren 28an), Hi\u015damek espedizio bat bidali zuela Arabaren<br \/>\naurka [<i>pais de \u00c1lava<\/i>], Ab\u016b \u2018U\u1e6fm\u0101n \u2018Ubayd All\u0101h b. \u2018U\u1e6fm\u0101n buruan zela.<br \/>\nEtsaia garaitu eta herritarrak sarraskitu zituen, eta bederatzi mila buru baino<br \/>\ngehiago bildu zituen. 179. urtean (795eko martxoaren 27an) \u2018Abd al-Q\u0101rim b.<br \/>\nMug\u012b\u1e6dek beste espedizio bat gidatu zuen Alfontso erregearen aurka (Euskal<br \/>\nHerriko jendearen aliatua garai hartan). Egileak \u00abkristauen herrialde\u00bb<br \/>\nizendatzen duen horretan bata bestearen atzetik gertatu ziren borrokak <span class=\"iv-smallcaps\">ii.\/ix.<\/span>\u202fmende osoan zehar.<br \/>\nAzpimarragarria izan zen 246. urtean (860ko martxoaren 28an) gertatutakoa: Mu\u1e25ammad<br \/>\nI.ak bere ofizialetako bat bidali zuen Iru\u00f1earen aurka kanpaina bat gidatzeko;<br \/>\nhan, Gartzea Enekoez etsaituta zegoen Galiziako errege Ordo\u00f1orekin (egileak<br \/>\nuste zuen, oker uste ere, Alfontso Froilaz <i>Konkordunaren<\/i> semea zela<br \/>\nEnekoez); jeneralak azpian hartu zuen lurraldea, 32 egunetan zeharkatu zuen,<br \/>\nbidean biztanleak hondoratuz, zuhaitzak ebakiz, herrixkak eta gotorlekuak<br \/>\nkonkistatuz&#8230; Iru\u00f1ean, Orti I.a Gartzez <i>Begibakarra<\/i> hartu zuen preso,<br \/>\neta Kordobara eraman zuen. Hogei urte egin zituen han. Esaten da Orti I.a<br \/>\nGartzez 120 urte bizi izan zela.<\/span><span><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>712.\/1312-1313. urte inguruan idatzi zuen bere kronika. Mundu islamiarraren ekialdeko kalifa, imam eta emirrei buruzko ondo oinarritutako historia da. al-Bay\u0101n al-mugrib f\u012b (i\u1e2bti\u1e63\u0101r) a\u1e2bb\u0101r mul\u016bk al-Andalus wa l-Magrib lana hiru ataletan zatituta dago, eta Ifriqiya eskualdearen historia jasotzen da bertan, 20.\/620.-621. urteko Mi\u1e63rreko konkistatik (Egipto) almohadeek 602.\/1205.-1206. urtean al-Mahdiyya hartu zuten arte. Garaiko hainbat dinastiaren [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","iv_nivel":[269],"class_list":["post-2689","iv_voz","type-iv_voz","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>AB\u016a L-\u2018ABB\u0100S A\u1e25MAD B. MU\u1e25AMMAD B. \u2018I\u1e0fAR\u012a AL-MARR\u0100KU\u0160\u012a (VII.\/XIII.\u202fmendeko 2. erdialdea - VIII.\/XIV.\u202fmendeko lehen hamarkadak). - Iura Vasconiae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iuravasconiae.eus\/eu\/voz\/abu-l-abbas-a%e1%b8%a5mad-b-mu%e1%b8%a5ammad-b-i%e1%b8%8fari-al-marrakusi-158-eu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AB\u016a L-\u2018ABB\u0100S A\u1e25MAD B. MU\u1e25AMMAD B. \u2018I\u1e0fAR\u012a AL-MARR\u0100KU\u0160\u012a (VII.\/XIII.\u202fmendeko 2. erdialdea - VIII.\/XIV.\u202fmendeko lehen hamarkadak). - Iura Vasconiae\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"712.\/1312-1313. urte inguruan idatzi zuen bere kronika. Mundu islamiarraren ekialdeko kalifa, imam eta emirrei buruzko ondo oinarritutako historia da. al-Bay\u0101n al-mugrib f\u012b (i\u1e2bti\u1e63\u0101r) a\u1e2bb\u0101r mul\u016bk al-Andalus wa l-Magrib lana hiru ataletan zatituta dago, eta Ifriqiya eskualdearen historia jasotzen da bertan, 20.\/620.-621. urteko Mi\u1e63rreko konkistatik (Egipto) almohadeek 602.\/1205.-1206. urtean al-Mahdiyya hartu zuten arte. 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MU\u1e25AMMAD B. \u2018I\u1e0fAR\u012a AL-MARR\u0100KU\u0160\u012a (VII.\/XIII.\u202fmendeko 2. erdialdea - VIII.\/XIV.\u202fmendeko lehen hamarkadak). - Iura Vasconiae","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.iuravasconiae.eus\/eu\/voz\/abu-l-abbas-a%e1%b8%a5mad-b-mu%e1%b8%a5ammad-b-i%e1%b8%8fari-al-marrakusi-158-eu\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"AB\u016a L-\u2018ABB\u0100S A\u1e25MAD B. MU\u1e25AMMAD B. \u2018I\u1e0fAR\u012a AL-MARR\u0100KU\u0160\u012a (VII.\/XIII.\u202fmendeko 2. erdialdea - VIII.\/XIV.\u202fmendeko lehen hamarkadak). - Iura Vasconiae","og_description":"712.\/1312-1313. urte inguruan idatzi zuen bere kronika. 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